Electrophoretic Display

Electrophoresis is the motion of dispersed particles relative to a fluid under the influence of a spatially uniform electric field. E Ink Corporation further describes their electronic ink technology as a type of display made of millions of tiny and transparent microcapsules—measuring about the diameter of a human hair. Each microcapsule represents a pixel and each contains a positively charged white pigment particle and a negatively charged black pigment particle. Upon the application of positive or negative electric, corresponding particles move to the top of the microcapsule where they become visible to the user. This makes the surface appear white or black at that spot.



Advantages:

1) Lower Power Consumption: Note that this display technology is a bistable display. This means that the image on an electrophoretic display screen is retained even when all power sources are removed. The display is only consuming power whenever the displayed image changes.

2) Reflective Display: There is no need for a backlight in electrophoretic display or electronic ink display. Ambient light from the environment is reflected from the surface of the display back to the eyes of the users. The more ambient the light, the brighter the display looks. Hence, less strain on the eyes and less power consumption. 

3) Print like readability since it uses ink and yet same resolution as an existing LCD display.


Disadvantages:

1) Very low refresh rate

2) Ghosting due to low refresh rate:  This happens when the previously charged particles have some charge retained in them even after the charge has been switched and this causes a shadow or a ghosting effect where you can see the reflection of the previous page.

3) High Market Competition

4) Still needs a backlight 

5) Animations & Color Limitations:

Solution: 

1) Use Radium ink for using in the dark.  

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